Water Water Everywhere

Kind of a bad day for water in Pittsburgh yesterday.  Beyond the seemingly unexpected resignation of the boss, there was also the bad news of rate increases along with some big water breaks as well.  I’ve heard of a few other big ones out there beyond what made the news.  Probably goes with the time of the year and temperature. Water line breaks will most likely be worse next week. All that on top of ongoing investigations and litigation.  I feel bad for PWSA board chairman Dan Deasy since he is relatively new on the job and most of the things leading up to most of these things happened on the previous guy’s watch.

Lots of other strange things related to the water authority of late.  Before Kenney resigned, there was the odd episode last week where he said he couldn’t answer whether Pittsburgh Brewing had paid its water bill.  This was a big story and was a big $$ amount owed to the PWSA.  You would think he would have some idea the status.  Curious at best.  It also relates to another story some may have caught that former Pittsburgh Brewing owner Michael Carlow, is getting back into business and this time it’s in the slag business.  Yes, slag.  There just has to be a joke in that.  He ran up a big PWSA bill as well along the way I do believe.  Water… beer… slag… bankruptcy..  perfect together?

Last month there was the recurrent bruhaha over the legacy payments made by the PWSA to equalize billing to the parts of Pittsburgh.  Make note of the water breaks above.  I hate to say this, and am a PWSA rate payer myself, but there is a simple answer to the whole American Water payment debate that keeps recurring.  Raise PWSA rates to the private sector rates set for the southern and western neighborhoods benfiting from the subsidy.  There is more than enough justification to spend any excess revenue into capital investments.  Remember this is a story that fully acknowledges it can’t account for 40% of the water flowing through its system.   I suspect that if anyone could put numbers on it, the city of Pittsburgh has the oldest working water infrastructure in the nation.  I’ve heard of a few places in New England that still have working timber piping, but other than that we really must take the prize. For a place that claims water is a huge competitive advantage, there is this little problem of getting the water to where it is actually used and taking it away afterwards.

What I just noticed reading the rate increase story is that one of the reasons given by the PWSA is that it was necessitated by, among other things, increasing credit costs.  Thing about that is most interest rates are historically low these days.  Raises some interesting questions why their credit costs are up.  Are they referring to their costs in the past resulting from the nearly disasterous variable rate debt they had entered into.  Remember, that was the debt that became insanely expensive when our friend JP Morgan unilaterally walked away from the credit backing the variable rate debt required.  Some huge irony in that some think JP Morgan is the city’s saviour with the parking bid while at the same time would have been responsible for the collapse of the water authority if they had not been able to find someone to take their place.  It was far from a sure thing.  It cost the PWSA dearly to get through. Why would they act so benevolently in one case, and the opposite in the other?  There will be many issues of contention over the course of a 50 year lease and you want to have some trust in your counterparty.

Which leads us to more questions.  Since the PWSA claims to have stabilized the variable rate debt problem with a new letter of credit…. then again why the increasing cost of credit?  May not have anything to do with anything, but still worth noticing by someone is that the credit rating on that letter of credit was downgraded a couple months ago.  Not just put on credit watch negative, actually downgraded.  You just have to wonder what else is in play here.

and remember…  think these are all city problems, and only city problems.  PWSA problems are the region’s problems.

Interesting Ideas in Trade

Akbar’s transport of ice

In the ferocious height of the Delhi summer, Akbar setup a mechanism whereby horses started out with ice in Kashmir and rode south. The ice was handed from one horse to another, keeping it constantly on the move. In the end, what reached him was a few kilos of ice.

(I’m unable to recollect where I read this, and google doesn’t seem to have heard about it. Please do tell me if you know something about this.)

The Indian ice trade

In 1833, merchants figured out that it was profitable to transport ice from the US to India. The existing technical skills enabled the production of low-grade ice in Calcutta for six weeks of the year at a price of 4p per pound. Transport by sea made possible perfect Boston ice, available round the year, at a price of 3p per pound. Ships would start out with 150 tons of ice and reach Calcutta with 2 tons of ice.

`Ice houses’ were built to store ice. The ice houses in Bombay and Calcutta no longer exist, but the ice house in Madras, built in 1841, still exists [location].

In 1878, manufacturing of ice began with the formation of the Bengal Ice Company, and this transport of ice from America dwindled away. By 1882 — a short four years later — it had ended. In 1904, there was an ice plant in Peshawar.

Sources: Better than Hooghly slush by Jayakrishnan Nair, in Pragati, June 2010.

The world’s largest refinery on the coast of Jamnagar

India’s biggest company, Reliance Industries, runs the world’s largest refinery off the coast of Jamnagar. Crude oil is imported here, products are made, and re-exported. Here’s my interpretation of what’s going on. The natural place to put a refinery is in the Persian Gulf, but the political risk in that region is too great, given that the fixed assets in question amount to Rs.2.3 trillion.

What’s the most efficient way out? To transport crude oil on the shortest possible hop from the Middle East to a place with political stability. That takes you to the coast of Gujarat.

A new trade: Alaskan water

I just read a story by Sambit Saha in the Telegraph about a new frontier in trade. A firm named True Alaska Bottling has obtained rights to transport 11.34 billion litres of water (i.e. 11.34 million tonnes) out of a lake in Sitka, Alaska. This will be transported to a plant near Bombay, which will be run by a firm named S2C Global, thus yielding bottled water to be sold in India and in the Middle East.

This seems to me to reflect an extension of the themes above. If you want to deliver product into the Middle East, it is better to build a factory in India given political stability and low labour cost. In this sense, it’s a bit like Reliance. And, it reminds me of the old ice trade; except that this time we’re transporting water.