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	<title>Citizen Economists &#187; Robotics</title>
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	<link>http://www.citizeneconomists.com/blogs</link>
	<description>Citizen Economists is an online economics magazine written by citizen journalists. These ordinary citizens provide reports and commentary on the current events affecting the economics of the fields they work in.</description>
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		<title>Virtual Reality: The Death of Our Economic System?</title>
		<link>http://www.citizeneconomists.com/blogs/2008/09/16/virtual-reality-the-death-of-our-economic-system/</link>
		<comments>http://www.citizeneconomists.com/blogs/2008/09/16/virtual-reality-the-death-of-our-economic-system/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 16 Sep 2008 21:20:44 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Bhagwad Jal Park</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Citizen Economists]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Artificial Intelligence]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Robotics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Virtual Reality]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.amateureconomists.com/blogs/?p=284</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Discusses how virtual reality will soon take over our world, and will define the ultimate fate of the human race. <span style="color:#777"> . . . &#8594; Read More: <a href="http://www.citizeneconomists.com/blogs/2008/09/16/virtual-reality-the-death-of-our-economic-system/">Virtual Reality: The Death of Our Economic System?</a></span>]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p style="justify;">I&#8217;m going to pull a leaf right out of <em>The Matrix</em> here. Well, perhaps a few leaves from David Hume as well. This article is going to deal with the ultimate goal of virtual worlds. We have already taken the first stumbling steps towards it with sites like <a title="Another life" href="http://secondlife.com/" target="_blank">Second Life</a> and <a title="Virtual Reality by Google" href="http://www.lively.com/html/landing.html" target="_blank">Google&#8217;s Lively</a>. The idea is to envelop ourselves in a virtual computer world where there are counterparts for everything that we have in the real world.</p>
<p style="justify;">The sites mentioned above are only the first steps, and they are already tremendously addictive. There are games that are shared online by tens of thousands of players, called <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MMORPG" target="_blank">massively multiplayer online role playing games (MMORPG)</a> where people are so involved in their online worlds that they frequently forget about their real world.</p>
<p style="justify;">Let&#8217;s take this to the extreme. A time will come when technology will enable us to plunge headlong into the virtual world literally. We will be able to forget what is happening around us and experience the virtual world as if it were the real one. Like <em>The Matrix</em>, some probe will be pushed into us, and we will be able to live in worlds of our own creation.</p>
<p style="justify;">Just imagine being able to be in a world where you are God. <a title="Robots will be like humans" href="http://www.amateureconomists.com/blogs/2008/08/27/will-robots-destroy-our-economic-system/" target="_self">Artificial intelligence</a> that will pass the <a title="The test for a robot to imitate a human" href="http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/turing-test/" target="_blank">Turing Test</a> will already be so advanced that you will be able to have a family in the virtual world and raise them in the same way the real world allows you to. If you have any fantasies, then this is the place for you. You could indulge in whatever you want without any thought of repercussions; you can have the perfect body and could have an entire harem of beauties at your beck and call.</p>
<p style="text-align: right;">Image Credit: <a title="Link to signalstation's photostream" href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/signalstation/"><strong>signalstation</strong></a><a href="http://www.amateureconomists.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2008/09/virtual-reality.jpg"><img class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-285 alignright" style="float: right;" src="http://www.amateureconomists.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2008/09/virtual-reality-300x204.jpg" alt="Virtual Reality" width="300" height="204" /></a></p>
<p style="justify;">Indeed, who will want to come out of this perfect world? It will be the ultimate addiction. Humans will be quite content to live inside them, keeping their real world bodies alive by being fed by tubes on the outside. I&#8217;m not being facetious. I&#8217;m dead serious. That&#8217;s what will happen if everything is unimpeded.</p>
<p style="justify;">Real world relationships will dwindle and then become almost extinct. Who wants an imperfect or unsatisfying relationship when you can have the best, most handsome or beautiful and sweetest spouse (or many spouses!) in your own world where you are God?</p>
<p style="justify;">The economic system as we know it will collapse utterly. People will not want anything else other than the ability to spend time online in their worlds. It will be available as a utility bill like the Internet. People will spend all their money buying online time (with a little for being fed by drip), and manufacture of all goods and services will drop to zero. Housing is perhaps the only industry that will remain, but not as we know it. All that will be needed will be dormitories where our bodies can lie, and thousands of such bodies can fit into one house.</p>
<p style="justify;">Of course, any company that controls online access will flourish, and the industry will be responsible for 95% of the economy, if not more. It&#8217;s a scary thought, but one that we currently find repulsive only because we haven&#8217;t gotten accustomed to it. Once in that situation, it will be the most natural thing in the world.</p>
<p style="justify;">The question now remains as to what work will people do to earn their money to buy online time. If the demand for all products is zero, then what possible work will be left? Perhaps online time will then be a free service, which no one can possibly gain by earning money.</p>
<p style="justify;">I&#8217;m sorry if all this sounds a bit Orweilian. But this is where I see the future heading, and what can be done to stop it?</p>
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		<title>Will Robots Destroy Our Economic System?</title>
		<link>http://www.citizeneconomists.com/blogs/2008/08/27/will-robots-destroy-our-economic-system/</link>
		<comments>http://www.citizeneconomists.com/blogs/2008/08/27/will-robots-destroy-our-economic-system/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 27 Aug 2008 21:00:12 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Bhagwad Jal Park</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Citizen Economists]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Game Theory]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Robotics]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.amateureconomists.com/blogs/?p=232</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<p style="justify;">I don&#8217;t count myself as a visionary, but there is a specter looming over mankind&#8217;s collective head, and I&#8217;m not sure if I can see how we can avoid it.</p> <p style="justify;">In my opinion, creating good artificial intelligence is just a matter of time. Already researchers have created a robot that uses a <span style="color:#777"> . . . &#8594; Read More: <a href="http://www.citizeneconomists.com/blogs/2008/08/27/will-robots-destroy-our-economic-system/">Will Robots Destroy Our Economic System?</a></span>]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p style="justify;">I don&#8217;t count myself as a visionary, but there is a specter looming over mankind&#8217;s collective head, and I&#8217;m not sure if I can see how we can avoid it.</p>
<p style="justify;">In my opinion, creating good artificial intelligence is just a matter of time. Already researchers have created a <a title="Robots using Organic Brain" href="http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-1044909/Robot-powered-rats-brain-bizarre-British-experiment.html" target="_blank">robot that uses a rat&#8217;s brain</a>, and the future consists of computers that can think just as we do. The field of robotics is also growing rapidly, and powered by a human brain, we can have robots that walk, talk, and comprehensively pass the <a title="Turing Test" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turing_test" target="_blank">&#8220;Turing Test&#8221;</a>.</p>
<p style="justify;">Now I&#8217;m going to make the following assumptions:</p>
<ol style="justify;">
<li>A time will come when a robot&#8217;s capabilities will outstrip those of humans.</li>
<li>Robots will steadily become more and more affordable.</li>
</ol>
<p style="justify;">It&#8217;s important to understand that I&#8217;m not suggesting that robots will take over the human race. Surely we are not so stupid as to allow that possibility. We can always ensure laws like the <a title="Three laws of Robotics" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_Laws_of_Robotics" target="_blank">&#8220;Three Laws of Robotics&#8221;</a> are in place before allowing the robots any sort of autonomy. I&#8217;m still firmly insisting that the robots will not be &#8220;Conscious&#8221; and cannot have a will of their own. At least not in this article.<a href="http://www.amateureconomists.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2008/08/robot.jpg"><img class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-233 alignright" style="float: right;" src="http://www.amateureconomists.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2008/08/robot-225x300.jpg" alt="Robots" width="225" height="300" /></a></p>
<p style="text-align: right;">Image Credit: <a title="Link to Vaguely Artistic's photostream" href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/vaguelyartistic/"><strong>Vaguely Artistic</strong></a></p>
<p style="justify;">The first thing that will happen, given the above assumptions, is that corporations will lay off their employees and use robots instead. The forte of humans lies in their capacity for judgment. All other repetitive work can be delegated to simpler machines. But once robots can replicate that as well, the need for humans vanishes. Robots are preferable to humans because</p>
<ul style="justify;">
<li>You do not have to pay them a salary. Only their running and repairing costs.</li>
<li>I&#8217;m assuming that the knowledge of one robot can be easily transferred onto another thereby obviating the need for the lengthy training that humans need.</li>
<li>Easier to manage, no ego hassles, etc.</li>
</ul>
<p style="justify;">So the first results of artificial intelligence will be massive layoffs. The corporations will do this because market forces will pressure them into doing so. However, when more and more companies lay off their workers and replace them with robots, who will have the money to buy their products or services when everyone has lost their jobs?</p>
<p style="justify;">It&#8217;s like the <a href="http://www.amateureconomists.com/blogs/2008/07/30/why-we-are-too-rational-to-stop-polluting-part-2/" target="_self">Prisonner&#8217;s Dillemma</a>. Each company will be forced to do the rational thing by hiring robots, but collectively they doom the economy to destruction. End of first stage.</p>
<p style="justify;">Act two. As robots get cheaper and cheaper, everyone will find a way to own their personal robot. This robot will be like Jeeves on steroids. It will do all the chores, cut your hair, and mend your clothes. I&#8217;m also assuming that it will have the sum total of all human knowledge in it&#8217;s head and infinite dexterity in it&#8217;s fingers. Given this, it will probably <em>make</em> clothes for you, <em>grow</em> your food, and take care of every other small convenience that you would normally have paid for. This is very important because you must remember that no one has money or a job thanks to the logic in Act 1.</p>
<p style="text-align: right;"><a href="http://www.amateureconomists.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2008/08/robot-serve.jpg"><img class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-234 alignright" style="float: right;" src="http://www.amateureconomists.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2008/08/robot-serve-202x300.jpg" alt="Robot Serve" width="202" height="300" /></a>Image Credit: <a title="Link to potarou's photostream" href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/potarou/"><strong>potarou</strong></a></p>
<p style="justify;">To complete the loop, robots will be able to power themselves by building their personal dynamo or some such device.</p>
<p style="justify;">So the stable outcome will be:</p>
<ol>
<li>Everyone will own a robot.</li>
<li>Occupations like tailors, lawyers, accountants, and even doctors will disappear.</li>
<li>People can just sit at home and let their robots take care of them.</li>
</ol>
<p>In my opinion, certain services that robots cannot supply like amusement park rides and movies will still be provided for by corporations, but they will be <em>free!</em> What&#8217;s the point of charging money? They will anyway be run by robots, and what will people do with money? No need to buy anything as robots will provide everything for us.</p>
<p>I&#8217;m fairly sure I&#8217;m not getting the complete picture here. I get the nagging feeling that I&#8217;m missing out on some other consequence that I can&#8217;t yet put my finger on.</p>
<p>What do you think?</p>
<div id="tags"><a href="http://technorati.com/tag/business" rel="tag">business</a>, <a href="http://technorati.com/tag/news" rel="tag"> news</a>, <a href="http://technorati.com/tag/technology" rel="tag"> technology</a>, <a href="http://technorati.com/tag/software" rel="tag"> software</a>, <a href="http://technorati.com/tag/science" rel="tag"> science</a>, <a href="http://technorati.com/tag/businessnews" rel="tag"> businessnews</a>, <a href="http://technorati.com/tag/economy" rel="tag"> economy</a>, <a href="http://technorati.com/tag/future" rel="tag"> future</a>, <a href="http://technorati.com/tag/robots" rel="tag"> robots</a>, <a href="http://technorati.com/tag/robotics" rel="tag"> robotics</a>, <a href="http://technorati.com/tag/artificial+intelligence" rel="tag"> artificial intelligence</a></div>
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		<item>
		<title>Robotics in Surgery</title>
		<link>http://www.citizeneconomists.com/blogs/2008/08/03/robotics-in-surgery/</link>
		<comments>http://www.citizeneconomists.com/blogs/2008/08/03/robotics-in-surgery/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 03 Aug 2008 10:18:01 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>J.C.</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Healthcare]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Robotics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[telemedicine]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.amateureconomists.com/blogs/?p=200</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<p>My last few posts on telemedicine addressed some advances in the diagnostic aspects of medicine. While one commenter brings up the great point that we are not at the place where we can do full diagnostic physical exams for primary care via telemedicine, there are some areas of procedural medicine where doctors do their <span style="color:#777"> . . . &#8594; Read More: <a href="http://www.citizeneconomists.com/blogs/2008/08/03/robotics-in-surgery/">Robotics in Surgery</a></span>]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>My last few posts on telemedicine addressed some advances in the diagnostic aspects of medicine. While one commenter <a href="http://www.amateureconomists.com/blogs/2008/07/31/how-telemedicine-can-actually-work/#comments" target="_self">brings up the great point</a> that we are not at the place where we can do full diagnostic physical exams for primary care via telemedicine, there are some areas of procedural medicine where doctors do their work without ever touching the patient. Robotics and the surgical field of Urology is one great example.</p>
<p>For those of you who thought that surgery by robots was something out of a futuristic science fiction novel, that day has already come for Urologic surgeons. The da Vinci robot created by the company Intuitive Surgical is an expensive but top selling robot that is a must for any health center that claims to be cutting edge. Many of you might already have heard of Intuitive Surgical as their company stock has been a top performer in the device industry for several years. I do not own stock in the company or get anything from mentioning them, but they are the pioneer for Urologic robotics.</p>
<p>At any rate, the da Vinci robot is an actual robot that is controlled by a surgeon who is sitting at a computerized console in the corner of the room. The actual robot is a different machine that can move above the patient and has several &#8220;arms&#8221; that contain instruments on the end. The surgeon controls the arms and moves the &#8220;wrists&#8221; at the end of the arms. Sophisticated software now allows the robot to learn the movement patterns of the surgeon. The robot can filter abrupt movements of the surgeon and smooth out the movements to minimize any trauma to the patient.</p>
<p>When robotic surgery first came out, it was met with resistance. Common complaints included the high cost of the machine and the sterilized add-on components, the lack of &#8220;tactile feedback&#8221; from the instruments, and the steep learning curve. Older surgeons have been hesitant to retrain and obviously are not as facile with the machine as the younger generation who trained with robotics. On the whole, Urologists who use this machine regularly for prostate cancer surgery have excellent outcomes and are able to incise, cut, sew, and handle tissues delicately with the machine. Outcomes continue to improve and there have even been reports of surgeons remotely operating the machine on patients.</p>
<p>Thus, for the surgical field of Urology, robotics is here to stay.</p>
<div id="tags"><a href="http://technorati.com/tag/healthcare+IT" rel="tag">healthcare IT</a>, <a href="http://technorati.com/tag/healthcare+informatics" rel="tag"> healthcare informatics</a>, <a href="http://technorati.com/tag/medical+informatics" rel="tag"> medical informatics</a>, <a href="http://technorati.com/tag/urology" rel="tag"> urology</a>, <a href="http://technorati.com/tag/urologists" rel="tag"> urologists</a>, <a href="http://technorati.com/tag/telemedicine" rel="tag"> telemedicine</a>, <a href="http://technorati.com/tag/robotic+surgery" rel="tag"> robotic surgery</a>, <a href="http://technorati.com/tag/economics" rel="tag"> economics</a>, <a href="http://technorati.com/tag/healthcare+economics" rel="tag"> healthcare economics</a>, <a href="http://technorati.com/tag/healthcare" rel="tag"> healthcare</a>, <a href="http://technorati.com/tag/medicine" rel="tag"> medicine</a></div>
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