More Public Finance Wonkery

Also from the story last week on the city’s budget.  The city is open to floating a bond this year it says.  No surprise there. Read the Bond Buyer also from last week on the current ”eye popping declines in muni yields“.

For those who can get them at least.  Remember the curious bond that wasn’t?  At this point, anyone who can float a bond will probably think about refinancing all that they can.  Which is one reason I found this headline on a recent SEA refinancing to clearly miss some basic facts of life in the world of finance: “SEA lowers its costs through perfectly timed bond maneuver“. There is no ‘perfect timing’ in these things.. or at least you wouldn’t know it was perfect timing until long after the deal.  If they had waited they probably would have done even better. But you can’t expect anyone to pick the future in a financial markets like that. You certainly don’t want public officials trying to outpick the market.   You make the best decisions you can and structure deals best you can. Knowing the future can always have a downside is one reason you generally don’t lock yourself into noncallable bonds*.  So, barring those those who can’t do so for one reason or another, at this point most any large bond out there that has not been refinanced in the last year or two probably is going to be looked at as a candidate for refinancing.

* And since everything really does come back to the city’s pension funding.  Remember again the city’s pension bonds of the 1990’s.  One big criticism of them was that they were issued noncallable for many years and thus could not take advantage of lower interest rates a long time.  Any other noncallable, or effectively noncallable, bonds out there in the local muni-sphere?

Six Rules for Building Good Universities

In recent years, an empirical literature has begun to prise apart the management process of universities, seeking to identify the features which cater to excellence. In a previous blog post I summarised five useful ingredients that enable successful universities, from a working paper by Philippe Aghion, Mathias Dewatripont, Caroline M. Hoxby, Andreu Mas-Colell and Andre Sapir:

  1. No government approval required for budget; budget-making happens at the university and university alone.
  2. Reduced government role in the core funding of the university.
  3. High inequality of wages: two academics of the same seniority and rank should get different wages.
  4. Full flexibility in recruitment of students.
  5. A big role for competitive processes for gaining funding for research.

Today, on voxEU, I read an article by Amanda Goodall which identifies a sixth beneficial feature:

6. It helps if the university president has strong scientific accomplishments.

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